Page last updated: 2024-12-05

1,1-dichloroethane

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

## 1,1-Dichloroethane: A Versatile Chemical with Research Significance

1,1-Dichloroethane, also known as ethylidene chloride, is a colorless liquid with a sweet, chloroform-like odor. It is a chlorinated hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH3CHCl2.

**Here's why 1,1-dichloroethane is important for research:**

**1. Versatility as a Solvent and Reagent:**
* **Solvent:** It's a good solvent for many organic compounds, particularly fats, oils, and resins.
* **Reagent:** It's used in various chemical reactions, including:
* **Alkylation reactions:** It acts as an alkylating agent, introducing an ethyl group to molecules.
* **Dehydration reactions:** It can be used to remove water from compounds.
* **Chlorination reactions:** It acts as a source of chlorine atoms in certain reactions.

**2. Importance in Chemical Synthesis:**
* **Intermediate:** 1,1-dichloroethane is a crucial intermediate in the synthesis of many organic compounds, including polymers, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides.
* **Polymers:** It is used in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and other polymers.
* **Pharmaceuticals:** It's involved in the synthesis of certain medications.

**3. Analytical Chemistry Applications:**
* **Spectroscopy:** 1,1-dichloroethane is used as a solvent in various spectroscopic techniques like NMR and IR spectroscopy.
* **Chromatography:** It can be used as a mobile phase in gas chromatography (GC).

**4. Research Applications:**
* **Environmental Research:** 1,1-dichloroethane has been studied for its potential environmental impact, particularly its degradation and persistence in the environment.
* **Toxicological Research:** Researchers investigate its potential toxicity and effects on human health.
* **Material Science:** 1,1-dichloroethane is used in the production of various materials, and its properties are studied for different applications.

**It's important to note that 1,1-dichloroethane is also a potential environmental contaminant and is classified as a hazardous substance due to its toxicity and flammability.**

**Overall, 1,1-dichloroethane plays a vital role in various scientific fields, including chemistry, environmental science, and medicine. Its versatility as a solvent, reagent, and intermediate makes it a valuable tool for research and development.**

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID6365
CHEMBL ID45079
CHEBI ID81599
MeSH IDM0485869

Synonyms (74)

Synonym
1,1-dichloroethane
ethylidene chloride
1,1-ethylidene dichloride
ethylidene dichloride
dichloroethane, 1,1-
dichloroethane
inchi=1/c2h4cl2/c1-2(3)4/h2h,1h
ethane, 1,1-dichloro-
75-34-3
NCGC00091482-01
hsdb 64
rcra waste number u076
1,1-dichlorethane
1,1-dichloraethan [german]
ccris 224
1,1-dichloorethaan [dutch]
einecs 200-863-5
aethylidenchlorid [german]
nci-c04535
1,1-dicloroetano [italian]
rcra waste no. u076
chlorure d'ethylidene [french]
un2362
cloruro di etilidene [italian]
1,1-dichloroethane ethlidene chloride
alpha,alpha-dichloroethane
1,1-dichloroethane, analytical standard
chebi:81599 ,
CHEMBL45079
1,1-dichloro-ethane
C18247
NCGC00091482-02
1300-21-6
cas-75-34-3
tox21_200205
dtxsid1020437 ,
dtxcid10437
NCGC00257759-01
AKOS006230759
1,1-dichloroethane (stabilized with nitromethane)
dichloromethylmethane
1,1-ethylene dichloride
1,1-dichloraethan
1,1-dicloroetano
chlorure d'ethylidene
cloruro di etilidene
0s989lna44 ,
unii-0s989lna44
aethylidenchlorid
1,1-dichloroethane [un2362] [flammable liquid]
1,1-dichloorethaan
FT-0606105
1,1-dichloroethane [hsdb]
ethylidene chloride [mi]
un 2362
assymmetrical dichloroethane
ch3chcl2
dichloro ethane
dichlorethane
dichloro-ethane
dichloroetane
dichloroethan
2,2-dichloroethane
dichioroethane
1,1 dichloroethane
1,1-dichloroethane 100 microg/ml in methanol
1,1-dichloroethane-d4
40202-09-3
mfcd00013673
1,1-dichloroethane 5000 microg/ml in methanol
Q161282
ethane, dichloro- (8ci,9ci)
1,1-dichloroethane (stabilized with nitromethane, ~0.5per cent)
EN300-71366

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" There was no apparent progression of organ damage during the 13-week subchronic study, nor appearance of adverse effects not seen in the short-term exposures."( Acute, subacute, and subchronic oral toxicity studies of 1,1-dichloroethane in rats: application to risk evaluation.
Acosta, D; Bruckner, JV; Lash, LH; Mehta, SM; Muralidhara, S; Ramanathan, R, 2001
)
0.56

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" There were decreases in body weight gain and relative liver weight at all dosage levels, as well as increased renal nonprotein sulfhydryl levels at 2 and 4 g/kg after 5 and 10 days."( Acute, subacute, and subchronic oral toxicity studies of 1,1-dichloroethane in rats: application to risk evaluation.
Acosta, D; Bruckner, JV; Lash, LH; Mehta, SM; Muralidhara, S; Ramanathan, R, 2001
)
0.56
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
organochlorine compoundAn organochlorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chlorine bond.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (6)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency1.12200.003245.467312,589.2998AID2517
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency0.01650.006038.004119,952.5996AID1159521
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency65.53210.000714.592883.7951AID1259369
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.58930.011212.4002100.0000AID1030
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.00000.001318.074339.8107AID926; AID938
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency47.20970.000229.305416,493.5996AID743075; AID743079
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Bioassays (4)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID19825Partition coefficient (logP)1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-17, Volume: 38, Issue:4
Molecular similarity matrices and quantitative structure-activity relationships: a case study with methodological implications.
AID23443Partition coefficient (logP)1985Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 28, Issue:3
Use of physicochemical parameters in distance geometry and related three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships: a demonstration using Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors.
AID162229Toxicity determined using Konemann's Industrial Pollutants Toxicity Test1991Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 34, Issue:5
Using theoretical descriptors in quantitative structure-activity relationships: some toxicological indices.
AID37562Induction of aneuploidy in Aspergillus nidulans.1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-17, Volume: 38, Issue:4
Molecular similarity matrices and quantitative structure-activity relationships: a case study with methodological implications.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (29)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-199013 (44.83)18.7374
1990's2 (6.90)18.2507
2000's7 (24.14)29.6817
2010's6 (20.69)24.3611
2020's1 (3.45)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 49.65

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index49.65 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.40 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.77 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index74.82 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (49.65)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews1 (3.45%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other28 (96.55%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]