You're asking about **1-(4'-hydroxy-2'-butenoxy)methyl-2-nitroimidazole**. This compound, often shortened to **HO-MNI**, is a promising research tool in the field of **bioorthogonal chemistry**. Here's a breakdown of its key features and why it's important:
**What it is:**
* **Structure:** HO-MNI is a relatively small organic molecule.
* It has a nitroimidazole ring, which is known for its ability to interact with biological systems, particularly with DNA.
* It also has a butenoxy group connected to the nitroimidazole ring, giving it a chemical handle for further modification.
* **Key property:** HO-MNI has the unique ability to undergo **strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC)**. This is a chemical reaction that happens quickly and specifically, even in complex biological environments.
**Why it's important for research:**
1. **Bioorthogonal Chemistry:** HO-MNI is a **bioorthogonal reagent**. This means it can react with other molecules specifically in living systems without interfering with normal biological processes. This allows researchers to study and manipulate biological systems in a very controlled way.
2. **Imaging and Tracking:** HO-MNI can be used to label and track biomolecules in living cells and organisms. This is done by:
* **Attaching it to molecules of interest:** HO-MNI can be conjugated to proteins, antibodies, or other biological targets.
* **Using a fluorescent probe:** A molecule containing an azide group (which reacts with HO-MNI through SPAAC) and a fluorescent tag can be used to visualize the location and movement of the tagged biomolecules.
3. **Drug Delivery:** HO-MNI is also being investigated for its potential to deliver drugs specifically to target cells. By attaching a drug to a molecule that can be tagged with HO-MNI, researchers could potentially deliver the drug only to cells that express the specific target.
**Overall, HO-MNI is a versatile tool with broad applications in research:**
* **Understanding biological processes:** By tracking and visualizing biomolecules in living systems, HO-MNI can provide valuable insights into cell function and disease mechanisms.
* **Developing new therapies:** Its potential for targeted drug delivery makes HO-MNI a promising avenue for developing new and more effective treatments.
**Further reading:**
To learn more about HO-MNI and its applications, you can search for research articles on PubMed or Google Scholar using keywords like:
* HO-MNI
* Strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition
* Bioorthogonal chemistry
* Click chemistry
* Bioimaging
* Drug delivery
1-(4'-hydroxy-2'-butenoxy)methyl-2-nitroimidazole: structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 6438892 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 3809568 |
| MeSH ID | M0137807 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| rk-28 |
| 4-((2-nitro-1h-imidazol-1-yl)methoxy)-2-buten-1-ol |
| 2-buten-1-ol, 4-((2-nitro-1h-imidazol-1-yl)methoxy)- |
| rk 28 |
| (e)-4-[(2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)methoxy]but-2-en-1-ol |
| 101179-42-4 |
| 1-(4'-hydroxy-2'-butenoxy)methyl-2-nitroimidazole |
| 93679-10-8 |
| SCHEMBL3809568 |
| (2e)-4-((2-nitro-1h-imidazol-1-yl)methoxy)-2-buten-1-ol |
| (2e)-4-[(2-nitro-1h-imidazol-1-yl)methoxy]-2-buten-1-ol |
| 1-[(4'-hydroxy-2'-butenoxy)methyl]-2-nitroimidazole |
| 4-((2-nitro-1h-imidazol-1-yl)methoxy)but-2-en-1-ol |
| DTXSID40879176 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "01) less toxic than RK-28 at this dose, as reflected in a lower increase in the brain glucose level (0." | ( Metabolic studies and neurotoxicity in tumors and brain of mice after hypoxic cell sensitizers. Streffer, C; Tamulevicius, P, 1994) | 0.29 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " This report presents the results of pharmacokinetic studies performed in 10 of the 17 patients who were administrated intravenous or intratumoral RK-28 during intraoperative radiation therapy." | ( Pharmacokinetics of intratumoral RK-28, a new hypoxic radiosensitizer. Abe, M; Baba, N; Manabe, T; Sakaguchi, M; Sasai, K; Shibamoto, Y; Takahashi, M, 1992) | 0.28 |
| " After intravenous injection, RK-28 was rapidly removed from the plasma (biological half-life of 17 min) and its area under the curve (AUC) was proportional to the amount of RK-28 administered." | ( Pharmacokinetics of RK-28 (a new radiosensitizer) and pharmaceutical design of a suppository form using rats. Goto, S; Inoue, H; Kato, T; Kim, NS; Mikami, Y; Miyata, K; Okubo, M; Sagitani, H; Umejima, H, 1994) | 0.29 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " The absolute bioavailability of RK-28 was 59." | ( Pharmacokinetics of RK-28 (a new radiosensitizer) and pharmaceutical design of a suppository form using rats. Goto, S; Inoue, H; Kato, T; Kim, NS; Mikami, Y; Miyata, K; Okubo, M; Sagitani, H; Umejima, H, 1994) | 0.29 |
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 8 (44.44) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 10 (55.56) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 0 (0.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 0 (0.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (11.50) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 1 (5.56%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 2 (11.11%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 0 (0.00%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 15 (83.33%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||